Dairy Production and Management Coursera Quiz | Week (1 – 4)
Dairy Production and Management
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Week 1
Question 1
Which of the following breeds is associated with the highest yields of milk?
- Ayrshire
- Brown Swiss
- Guernsey
- Holstein
- Jersey
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Question 2
Which of the following breeds are smaller with the highest milk-fat concentration?
- Ayshire
- Brown Swiss
- Guernsey
- Holstein
- Jersey
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Question 3
Crossbreds?
- Are a mix of two or more pure cattle breeds
- Are the majority of cattle in the United States
- Should never contain contributions from more than two breeds
- Are limited by our inability to import semen from foreign breeds
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Question 4
If a bull has a PTA for milk of +100 pounds?
- We expect his daughters to make 100 pounds of milk per year
- We expect his daughters to make 100 pounds of milk per day
- We expect his daughters to make 100 pounds more milk than a typical cow per year
- We expect his daughters to make 100 pounds more milk than a typical cow per day
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Question 5
The data used to generate genetic evaluations for traits such as milk yield?
- Are recorded about once per month on farms enrolled in milk testing programs
- Are self-reported by farmers to the Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding
- Are estimated based on how much feed a cow eats on a given day
- Are only recorded for cows whose sons are enrolled in an artificial insemination program
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Question 6
Values for traits in $NM are derived by?
- Estimating the expected economic outcome of changing a trait
- Conducting an opinion poll to determine which traits breeders most want to change
- Evaluating what traits have changed the least over the last half-century and increasing weight on those traits
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Question 7
The purpose of selection index is to?
- Simplify the selection process
- Help focus on the most economically important traits
- Allow excellent performance in one trait offset poor performance in a second trait
- All of the above
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Question 8
The genetic trend for fertility in cattle?
- IS stable as we select for higher milk yield
- Declines as a correlated response to selection for milk yield
- Increases as a correlated response to selection for milk yield
- Has declined and cannot be reversed if we do not reduce milk yield
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Question 9
Higher values for which of the following would SLOW the rate of genetic progress?
- Accuracy
- Selection intensity
- Genetic variance
- Generation interval
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Question 10
Genomic selection promises to help speed the rate of genetic progress because?
- We will be able to increase genetic variance by finding the most important genes
- We will have information on young bulls before they are sexually mature and thus decrease generation interval
- We will substantially increase the accuracy of genetic evaluations for bulls that already have thousands of daughters
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Question 11
Genotyping technology is facilitated by testing?
- About 100 SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms)
- About 100 SNPs (Specific, Narrow, Prediction sites)
- Many thousands of SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms)
- Many thousands of SNPs (Specific, Narrow, Prediction sites)
- Many thousands of INDELS (insertions/deletions)
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Question 12
Cloning?
- Is the source of nearly all artificial insemination bulls
- Has an unfavorable impact on generation interval
- Promises to increase genetic diversity
- Is not feasible in cattle at this time
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Question 13
Bull A has a PTA for productive life of +1. Bull B has a PTA for productive life of -2. We expect Bull A daughters?
- To have 3 more calves than bull B daughters
- To survive in the lactating herd 3 years longer than bull B daughters
- To survive in the lactating herd 3 months longer than bull B daughters
Week- 2
-
Ryegrass pasture
-
Alfalfa hay
-
Sorghum silage
-
Barley grain
-
Corn silage
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-
Potassium
-
Calcium
-
Zinc
-
pH
-
Phosphorous
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-
Slope
-
Soil drainage
-
Soil phosphorus
-
Soil nitrogen
-
Stonieness
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-
Uses less water
-
Uses less water and needs more N fertilizer
-
Does not have BMR versions
-
Needs more N fertilizer
-
Needs more N fertilizer and does not have BMR versions
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-
Managing the energy levels of the forages to optimize production
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Planning to distribute manure and fertilizers to the fields where they are most needed
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Understanding the vitamin needs of the cattle on the farm
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Balancing the ration of the cows
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Matching the minerals to the protein content of the forage
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-
the high protein content of the forage
-
the consistent forage quality and high yields
-
its responds well to N fertilizer
-
it has a relatively low starch content
-
it grows well on poor soils
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-
High yield
-
High starch content
-
High fiber digestibility
-
High protein
-
Reduced feed intake
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-
Soil test report
-
Nutrient management plan
-
Cropping plan
-
Feed inventory
-
Variety performance trials
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-
The forage quality is often not influenced by maturity
-
Yields are higher than most other forage crops
-
Another forage crop can be double cropped following harvest
-
They are often harvested in the winter
-
They usually have lower protein levels than corn silage
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1 inch deep
-
2 inches deep
-
1/2 inches deep
-
3/8 inches deep
-
3/4 inches deep
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Protein
-
Energy
-
Potassium
-
Vitamins
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Concentrate (grain)
-
No supplement
-
Silage/Baleage
-
All of the above are potential supplementation strategies
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High debt/cow
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Pasture management
-
Amount of pasture allocated per cow
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High-quality pasture forage
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Bottom few inches of the plant
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Roots
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Seed Heads
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Both bottom few inches of the plant and roots
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Stunted plant growth
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Decreased forage production
-
Improved milk production
-
Increased weed pressure
Week- 3
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Energy
-
Digestible fiber
-
Digestible starch
-
All of the above
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Faster
-
Slower
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Not different
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Available protein
-
Energy
-
Fat
-
Phosphorus
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25
-
35
-
45
-
55
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Energy
-
Fat
-
By-pass protein
-
All of the above
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Protein
-
Calcium
-
Beta-carotenes
-
Fat
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More fiber
-
More protein
-
Less energy
-
All of the above
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It’s high starch degradablility
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It’s low protein content
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It’s high fiber content
-
It’s low calcium content
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Mostly degradable in the rumen
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Mostly undegradable in the rumen
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Mostly true protein
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Mostly non-protein nitrogen
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More energy
-
More methionine
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Less fiber
-
All of the above
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High leaf losses
-
Losses due to heating
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High fermentation losses
-
All of the above
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25%
-
35%
-
45%
-
55%
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Proteolytic bacteria
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Protozoa
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Lipolytic bacteria
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Lactic acid bacteria
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Heat
-
Moisture
-
Pressure
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All of the above
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Higher fat
-
Higher rumen undegradable protein
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Higher energy
-
All of the above
Week- 4
-
The rumen
-
The omasum
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The abomasum
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The reticulum
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Bacteria
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Protozoa
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Fungi
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All of the above
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Glucose
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Amino acids
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Volatile fatty acids
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Glycogen
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Too much fiber in the diet
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Too much fat in the diet
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Too much protein in the diet
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Too much starch in the diet
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Amino acids
-
Peptides
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Ammonia
-
All of the above
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Net energy
-
Gross energy
-
Digestible energy
-
All of the above
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Milk production
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Maintenance
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Pregnancy
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Growth
-
All of the above
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Milk production
-
Milk fat content
-
Milk protein content
-
All of the above
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It is a cheap source of energy
-
It is available locally
-
It stabilizes rumen fermentation
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It is a good source of amino acids
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Around 305
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Around 365
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Around 205
-
Around 405
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Lactation stage
-
Milk production
-
Will depend on available facilities
-
All of the above
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Animal requirements
-
Feed dry matter intake
-
Nutritive composition of the feeds
-
All of the above
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Effective fiber
-
Sugars
-
Rapidly fermentable starch
-
Non-protein nitrogen
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20%
-
30%
-
50%
-
60%
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9%
-
14%
-
17%
-
20%
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